He aha te take i te whakamātautau tika o te uku matua he mea tino hirahira mō ngā pākahu

Ko te whakamātautau i te rere o te wāhi mō te āki i te kounga he tohu āhua nui rawa atu i te ao o ngā pākahu, ā, he pānga ātāwhai ki ngā uara o ngā kōpae, ki te wāhi e whakamahinga ai, me te kounga o ngā hua mutunga mai. Ko Hangzhou Zhongwang Technology Co., Ltd, he rōpū pūkenga matua o Aotearoa, ā, kua whiwhi i ngā tikanga ā-tāngata i te tau 80, ā, ka whakamānui i ngā hua rere kaha o te whakamātautau i te rere o te wāhi mō ngā kaiwhakamahi pākahu kia whakamāhinga tika i ngā pākahu ōrite.

Te whana i waenganui i te rere o te wāhi me te mātua o ngā molekūl

He rākau whakamātautau kāore i te tūturu, engari he pai hoki hei whakamātautau i te maha o ngā wāhanga o tēnei pōlymara, i runga i te whāinga o te whāinga o Mark-Houwink. Ko ngā uara ake he tohu o te roa ake o ngā kōrero o ngā pōlymara (ā, nō reira, he maha ake ngā wāhanga), ā, ko ngā uara iti ake he tohu o te poto ake o ngā kōrero me te iti ake o ngā wāhanga.

Mō tēnei tauira o PET, ko ngā uara o te viscosity āhua 0.73 ki te 0.86 dL/g mō ngā rākau mō ngā wāhanga o ngā pouaka, ā, ko ngā uara iti ake i te 0.73 dL/g e whiriwhiria ana mō ngā mahi o ngā kōrero. I te rākau o te whāinga tāwhai, ka whakamahinga te viscosity āhua hei rākau māmā hei whakamātautau i te maha o ngā wāhanga o tēnei pōlymara, i le whakamahinga i te rākau o te chromatography o te gela, he uaua hoki, he uta hoki ngā utu.

He aha ngā whakamārama i tēnei kōrero mō tēnei pōlīmā nā te wāhi o te rere o te wāhi 0.80 dL/g i whakamahinga hei pouaka mo ngā wai mātātoko. Ko te wāhi o te rere o te pōlīmā te whakamārama i ngā āhuatanga matua o ngā āhuatanga o te kōpae; ko ngā pōlīmā e whai ana i te wāhi o te rere teitei, he mātātini ake, he mātātini ake ngā kaha o te whakamātātutanga, he pai ake ngā kaha o te whakamātātutanga i ngā pākanga, me ngā kaha o te whakamātātutanga i ngā pākanga o te rūpā, i te wāhi anō o ngā wāhi o te rere o te pōlīmā. I te wā o te PET, ka whakamārama i tana whakamātautau, i te wāhi o te rere teitei, he pai mō ngā pouaka wai mātātoko e hiahiatia ana ngā kaha o te whakamātātutanga o te rūpā, i te wāhi o te rere iti mō ngā kōhao me ngā kākahu.

Te Tāwhai o te Whakamātātutanga o te Whakamāhinga me te Whakamāhinga o te Whakamāhinga

Ko te ara e whakamahinga ana i te kōpae he mea pā tonu ki te maha o ngā mātua o ngā molekūl, ā, ko tēnei e whakaatu ana i te whakamātautau i te rere o te wāhi (IV). Ko ngā rēsini hāngā maha o ngā mātua o ngā molekūl te nui ake o te rere o te wāhi. Ko te nui ake o te rere o te wāhi, ko te nui ake o ngā whakamāngangia i ngā whakamātautau i te rere, i ngā whakamātautau i te whakauru, me ngā whakamātautau i te whakamahi i te hiko. Mā te whiriwhiri i te rere o te wāhi e tika ana e tātou e āki ai i te kaiwhakamahi kia whakamāmā ai i tana āhua o ngā whakamātautau, ā, me whakamātautau i tēnei i ngā wā katoa i tēnei whakamātautau e mau ana.

Ahakoa kāore i huri te whakaritenga rauemi, i te wā o te mahi whakaputa, ahakoa he iti noa iho ngā huringa i te wā polymerization, te pāmahana, te makuku rānei ka taea te whakaputa i ngā huringa ātaahua engari nui ki te kakano ā-tinana. Mēnā kāore he inenga o tēnei, kāore pea koe e kite i ēnei huringa kia whakamātautau ra anō tō hua, ā, ka hiahiatia te tukatuka anō utu nui, ka whakakorea rānei. Mā te ine wā tūturu o te IV, ka taea te hopu i tēnei rerekētanga, ā, ka whakaritea ngā mana whakahaere ki te whakahoki i ngā mea ki te taumata tika.

I tē whakamāhi i ngā whakamāhi hou, he matua te wāhi o te whakamārama i te rere o te rere kore o te wāhi. Whakamāhi ngā kaiwhakamahi i te IV hei whakamāhi i ngā taonga e tū mai ana, hei whakamārama i ngā whakamāhi mō te whakamāhi i ngā taonga, me te whakamārama i te wehenga o ngā pūrongo o ngā pōlīmā i whakamāhia anō. He matua tēnei mō ngā whakamāhi e whakamāhi ana i ngā huinga o te pōlīmā i te āhua kore o te rere kia piki ake te rere o ngā pōlīmā i muri i te whakamāhi i te hōhā o te hāngā, nā te whakamārama i te rere o te rere kore i te wā tonu e whakamāhi ana i te whakamāhi pai o ngā taonga.

Te whakamārama i te kounga i te hāpua o ngā kaiwhakamāhi

Ko tā tātou katoa te whakamātautau i te rere o te wāhi i ngā wā rerekē o te aronga o ngā pākanga o ngā kōpū! – Ko ngā kaiwhakamahi i ngā kōpū e whakamātautau ana i te mutunga o te whakamahinga o ngā kōpū kia mātauranga ai he rite ngā taonga ki ngā whāinga o ngā kiritaki. Ko ngā kaiwhakamahi i ngā kōpū e whakamātautau ana i te rere o te wāhi o ngā kōpū e tāwhai ana i mua i te whakakī i ngā kōpū kia mātauranga ai he pai ngā taonga; ka whakamātautau hoki i te ōwehenga o ngā kōpū kua whakamāngi mai, me ngā taonga kua whakamāngi mai i te huinga. Ko ngā whakamātautau i ngā wāhi whakamutunga e whakamātautau ana hoki i te rere o te wāhi; koinei te whakamātautau kia mātauranga ai kāore ngā mahi e whakamāngi ai i ngā kōpū i te rerekē tonu i ngā kōpū i raro i ngā whāinga iti.

Inā he ngā taonga pūtaiao pūkenga teitei, pērā i ngā wāhi o ngā waka, ngā kōpū o ngā whakamāngi o ngā waka rere, me ngā rākau hāpai i ngā rākau o te tinana, e hiahiatia ana ngā āhua tāwhai (mātua, tāwhai, me/hei te whakamāngi), he nui ake te hiranga o te whakamātautau i te tau o ngā molekūl, ā, ko te rere o te wāhi te ara e whakamātautau ana.

Hei tāngata e whai ana i te ahumahi pākahu, me whai i ngā whakamātau kaha o te whānanga o te rere o te wāhi (intrinsic viscosity) hei whakamārama i te whakaaetanga me ngā whakamātautau ā-ao, pērā i ngā whakamātautau o ISO, o ASTM rānei.

Ngā whakamātau kaha o te whānanga o te rere o te wāhi (intrinsic viscosity) e whakamahinga ana i tēnei wā

I te whakamātautau mātua, he rerekē ngā hāhā i ngā whakamātau Ubbelohde, ā, he roa ngā whakamātau, ā, he pārekereke ngā whakamāramatanga o ngā tauira me ngā whakamārama o ngā kaimahi. Ko ngā kōwhiringa rere (viscometers) e whakamahinga ana i ngā kaiwhakamāke pākahu he pai ake te whakamāhua me te whakamārama kounga. Ko ngā kōwhiringa rere (viscometers) e whakamahinga ana i tēnei wā he pai ake te whakamāhua i ngā whakamāramatanga, nā te whakamārama kaha o ngā whakamāramatanga o te whakarere, o ngā whakamātautau hoki. Ko tēnei momo kōwhiringa he mātua ake te whakamāhua i ngā rerekē iti i ngā tāwhai o ngā rōpū pōturi, ā, he iti ake te hiahiatia o ngā whakamāramatanga mō ngā tauira o ngā whakamātautau i te rere.

Te whakamāhinga i te whakamārama i te rere kore o te wāhi, e whakamāngai ana i te wā o te kaimātātari, e whakamāori ana i ngā rākau utu nui o te wāhi, ā, e whakamānui ana i tēnei tuhinga hei whakamāramatanga mō ngā whakawhitinga kounga mō te whakamārama i te wāhi, mēnā ka whakamahinga ki te wāhi hāpai.

Ko ngā ara whakamāhinga he rere kore i roto i ngā whakamārama o te ahumahi e whakaae ana, ā, kāore he hiahia ki te whakamāhi i ngā wāhanga kāpura, ā, he iti ake te rere kore o te kaimahi, ā, he pai ake te haumaru o te kaimahi i te iti ake o ngā whakapā ki ngā wāhi pāpaku. I tēnei wā, ko ēnei taputapu whakamāhinga teitei e whakamāngai ana i te hiahia mō te whakamāhi o te kaimahi i te whakamāhi i ngā tauira, ā, e whakamānui ana i ngā mahi whakamāhi i ngā tauira, ngā whakamārama o te hāngā, ā, he rārangi ā-whāriki mō ngā whakamārama kounga.

He whakamāhinga āwhina a Hangzhou Zhongwang Technology Co., Ltd i ngā rākau whakamātautau kaha, e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau o ngā kōpae, me ngā rākau whakamātautau hāngai ki te whakamātautau i ngā hāngai o te whakamātautau kounga. Whakapā mai i tēnei wā hei mātauranga ake mō ō mātou hua me ngā hāngai o tō koutou whakamātautau kounga.